If your electric water heater isn’t producing hot water, the heating element may be the culprit.
Testing the element can help you determine whether it needs to be replaced.
Follow these steps to test your water heater element safely.
Step 1: Gather the Necessary Tools
Before you begin, make sure you have the following tools:
- Multimeter (to measure electrical resistance)
- Flathead screwdriver
- Phillips screwdriver
Step 2: Turn Off the Power
Safety first! Locate your home’s circuit breaker panel and turn off the breaker that powers the water heater.
Double-check that the power is off by using your multimeter to test the electrical connections at the water heater.
Step 3: Access the Heating Element
Most water heaters have two heating elements (upper and lower). To access the elements, remove the access panels on the side of the water heater using a Phillips screwdriver.
You may need to remove insulation to reach the elements.
Step 4: Disconnect the Wires
Carefully disconnect the wires from the heating element terminals. Be sure to label the wires or take a photo to ensure you reconnect them correctly later.
Step 5: Set Your Multimeter
Set your multimeter to the lowest resistance (ohms) setting. You will be testing the element for continuity to see if it is functioning properly.
Step 6: Test the Heating Element
Place one probe of the multimeter on one of the element’s terminals and the other probe on the other terminal.
If the multimeter reads between 10-30 ohms, the element is functioning properly. A reading of zero or infinite resistance indicates the element is faulty and needs to be replaced.
Step 7: Reassemble the Water Heater
If the element is functioning properly, reconnect the wires to the terminals. Replace the insulation and access panel.
If the element is faulty, it will need to be replaced before reassembling the water heater.
Final Tips
Testing a water heater element is a straightforward process, but if you’re unsure or uncomfortable with any of the steps, it’s best to contact a professional.
PM Plumbing & Mechanical is here to assist with all your water heater needs in Racine, WI, and Mount Pleasant, WI.
FAQs About Testing a Water Heater Element
1. What does a water heater element do?
The heating element in an electric water heater is responsible for heating the water in the tank.
2. How often do water heater elements need to be replaced?
Water heater elements typically last 6-10 years, but their lifespan can vary depending on water quality and usage.
3. What if both elements are faulty?
If both elements are faulty, the water heater will not produce hot water. In this case, both elements will need to be replaced.
4. Can I test a water heater element without a multimeter?
A multimeter is the most reliable tool for testing a water heater element. Without it, you won’t be able to accurately measure the element’s resistance.
5. What causes a water heater element to fail?
Common causes of element failure include mineral buildup, overheating, and normal wear and tear.
6. Is it safe to test a water heater element myself?
Yes, it is safe as long as you follow the proper safety precautions, including turning off the power before beginning the test.
7. Should I replace both elements at the same time?
If one element has failed, it may be wise to replace both, as they are often the same age and the second element may fail soon after.